[스크랩] 굴하지 않는다 -(윌리암 어네스트 헨리)

굴하지 않는다

 

                          - 윌리암 어네스트 헨리

 

 
온 세상이 지옥처럼 캄캄하게
Out of the night that covers me,
나를 엄습하는 밤에
Black as the Pit from pole to pole,
나는 그 어떤 신이든, 신에게 감사한다.
I thank whatever gods may be
내게 굴하지 않는 영혼 주셨음을.
For my unconquerable soul.

 

생활의 그악스러운 손아귀에서도
In the fell clutch of circumstance
난 신음하거나 소리 내어 올지 않았다.
I have not winced nor cried aloud.
우연의 몽둥이에 두들겨 맞아
Under the bludgeonings of chance
머리에서 피가 흘러도 고개 숙이지 않는다.
My head is bloody, but unbowed....

 

천국의 문이 아무리 좁아도,
It matters not how strait the gate,
저승의 명부가 형벌로 가득 차 있다 해도
How charged with punishments the scroll,
나는 내 운명의 지배자요,
I am the master of my fate;
내 영혼의 선장인 것을.
I am the captain of my soul.

  

=====================================================================================================

 

Wiliam Ernest Henley

 영국의 시인. 비평가(1849~1903). 유년 시절 결핵으로 한쪽 다리를 잃었고, 에든버러에서 저널리스트로 일하며 시를 썼다.

S. 파머와 함께 편찬한 <속어사전>이 널리 사용된다.

 

 

'운명의 횡포'에 굴하지 않으리

 어렸을 때 결핵으로 한쪽 다리를 절단해야 했던 시인은 어른이 되어서도 온갖 병마에 시달립니다. 그러나 정말이지 온 세상이 깜깜해지는 절망과 고통 속에서도 자신을 포기하지 않습니다. 아니, 오히려 분연히 일어나 운명의 횡포에 맞서 싸웁니다. 걸핏하면 야비하게 뒤통수를 내려치는 '우연의 몽둥이'에 죽도록 맞아도 고개 숙이지 않습니다. 고개 숙인다는 것은 곧 굴하는 것이기 때문입니다. 시인의 의지와 투지가 비장하다 못해 슬프기까지 합니다.

 하지만 "나는 내 운명의 지배자요, 내 영혼의 선장인 것을." 이런 믿음이라면 무얼 못하겠습니까. 운명도 길을 내주고 피해갈 것 같습니다.

  

* 장영희의 영미시산책(축복), 비채.

Silent Raindrops - 전수연


*. 사진; 김필연(시인, 가곡작사가, 사진가).

출처 : 시나브로

글쓴이 : Simon 원글보기

메모 :

invictus by: william ernest henrey

Out of the night that covers me,
Black as the pit from pole to pole,
I thank whatever gods may be
For my unconquerable soul.

In the fell clutch of circumstance
I have not winced nor cried aloud.
Under the bludgeonings of chance
My head is bloody, but unbowed.

Beyond this place of wrath and tears
Looms but the Horror of the shade,
And yet the menace of the years
Finds and shall find me unafraid.

It matters not how strait the gate,
How charged with punishments the scroll,
I am the master of my fate,
I am the captain of my soul.

^[6]

Importance

William Ernest Henley is best known by virtue of this single poem.^[7]

One of Henley's legs was amputated due to complications arising from tuberculosis. Immediately after the amputation, he received news that another operation would have to be done on his other leg. However, he decided to enlist the help of a different doctor named Joseph Lister. Under Lister's care he was able to keep his other leg by undergoing intensive surgery on his remaining foot.^[8] While recovering from this surgery in the infirmary, he was moved to write the words of "Invictus". This period of his life, coupled with the reality of an impoverished childhood, plays a major role in the meaning behind the poem; it is also the prime reason for this poem's existence.^[9]

Influence

• C. S. Lewis included a quotation from the last stanza in Book 5, chapter 3 of his early autobiographical work The Pilgrim's Regress (1933).
• In the 1942 film Casablanca, Captain Renault, an official played by Claude Rains recites the last two lines of the poem when talking to Rick Blaine, played by Humphrey Bogart, referring to his power in Casablanca.
• In the 1942 film Kings Row, Parris Mitchell, a psychiatrist played by Robert Cummings, recites the first two stanzas of "Invictus" to his friend Drake McHugh, played by Ronald Reagan, before revealing to Drake that his legs were unnecessarily amputated by a cruel doctor.
• Franklin D. Roosevelt mentions that this is one of his favorite poems. His friend and advisor, Cordell Hull reads the entire poem aloud as a tribute to Roosevelt.
• The fourth stanza was quoted by Lachesis to Zane in Piers Anthony's novel On a Pale Horse, the first of his Incarnations of Immortality series.
• While incarcerated on Robben Island prison, Nelson Mandela recited the poem to other prisoners and was empowered by its message of self-mastery.^[10] In the movie Invictus, Mandela gives the captain of the national South African rugby team the poem to inspire him to lead his team to a Rugby World Cup win, telling him how it inspired him in prison. In reality, as opposed to the movie, Mandela actually gave the captain, Francois Pienaar, an entirely different text, the "The Man in the Arena" passage from the Citizenship in a Republic^[11] speech by Theodore Roosevelt (quondam President of the United States).
• The American Heavy Metal band Virgin Steele take influence from the poem for their 1998 release Invictus. In the song of the same name, many of the lyrics take influence from the poem.^[12][13]
• The last stanza of the poem was used by Jack Donaghy (Alec Baldwin) to inspire Liz Lemon (Tina Fey) in the 30 Rock episode "Everything Sunny All the Time Always".
• The line "bloody, but unbowed" was the Daily Mirror's headline the day after the 7 July 2005 London bombings.^[14] It was also quoted by Lord Peter Wimsey in the Dorothy Sayers novel Clouds of Witness, in reference to his failure to exonerate his brother of the charge of murder.^[15]
• The Burmese opposition leader and Nobel Peace laureate Aung San Suu Kyi stated, "This poem had inspired my father, Aung San, and his contemporaries during the independent struggle, as it also seemed to have inspired freedom fighters in other places at other times."^[16]
• The Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh quoted the poem in its entirety as his final (written) statement.^[17][18]
• The poem's last stanza was quoted by US President Barack Obama at the end of Obama's speech at Nelson Mandela's memorial service (10 December 2013) in South Africa and published on the front cover of the December 14, 2013 issue of The Economist.^[19]
• The second stanza of the poem is quoted by a character in the game Mass Effect 3.
• There is a song called "Invictus" on Resolution (2012) album of the American groove metal band Lamb of God. Its lyrics are influenced by this poem.